Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia was the nation's first hospital focused exclusively on pediatric medicine when it opened in 1855. In recent history, CHOP has consistently earned a spot on the U.S. News & World Report Honor Roll for pediatric hospitals. For the 2016-17, the publication named CHOP the No. 2 pediatric hospital in the nation. The CHOP Research Institute is one of the largest pediatric research programs in the U.S., garnering more than $138 million in total federal awards and operating with an annual budget of more than $329 million as of fiscal year 2014.