Adenovirus transmission can occur in a neonatal intensive care unit because of the instruments used during retinopathy of prematurity exams, according to a study published in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.
Researchers conducted a mixed prospective and retrospective observational study at a level 4 NICU in the United States. They identified two adenovirus cases in the NICU, and after screening, found an additional 11 cases.
Researchers found the retinopathy of prematurity exams were associated with an increased risk of contracting the adenovirus infections. One adenovirus-infected patient died; the others recovered. The outbreak response duration was 33 days.
"Retinopathy of prematurity exams are potential mechanisms of adenovirus transmission, and autoclaved or single-use instruments should be used to minimize this risk," study authors concluded.